Common Flame-Retardant Material Types for Plastic Components in Chongqing
Release Date:
2022-09-21
One of the key development trends driven by the rapid growth of the automotive industry is lightweighting. Today, a wide range of modified materials—such as engineering plastics, composite materials, and lightweight alloys—are being increasingly and maturely applied across the board. Whether in the vicinity of conventional internal-combustion engines or in the power lithium-ion batteries of new-energy vehicles, plastic components can be found everywhere.
However, to be fair, these materials fall short in addressing the safety hazard of flammability. Consequently, flame retardancy and related industries have been the subject of intense discussion in recent years.
Today, we will examine the future development prospects of flame-retardant raw materials from the perspective of plastic components in Chongqing, as well as the various applications of these flame-retardant materials.
Future Development Directions for Flame-Retardant Plastics
To be direct, let’s start with the result.
At present, the commonly used flame-retardant materials for plastic components in Chongqing include PP, PA, PU, PC, and ABS, as well as various modified engineering plastics and composite materials derived from these base polymers.
Compared with conventional gasoline-powered vehicles, new-energy vehicles are equipped with additional components such as lithium-battery-pack control modules, on-board charging stations, and DC fast-charging stations. Each new-energy vehicle’s battery-pack control module requires approximately 30 kg of engineering-grade plastics, with modified polypropylene (PP) currently being the primary material used for the vehicle’s plastic housings, alongside other heat-resistant plastics such as modified polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and polyphenylene oxide (PPO).
Due to relatively stringent application standards and demanding operating conditions, electric vehicle charging stations place significant demands on engineering plastics; each station requires approximately 6 kg of engineering-grade plastic. At present,
The increasing ownership of automobiles has led to a wide variety of fire-related safety incidents. Therefore, when selecting raw materials for automotive components, it is essential to ensure that their flame-retardant and fire-resistant properties meet the relevant national and industry standards.
In general, when producing flame-retardant plastics, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) is typically raised to around 25–35% in order to more effectively enhance the overall safety performance of vehicles.
In addition, under the current dual regulatory environment of electrical automation and carbon-emissions trading, plastics—whose primary feedstock is crude oil—and various halogen-based flame retardants will face substantial restrictions.
Therefore, the future development of flame-retardant plastics will not only require robust physical properties to meet lightweight design requirements, but also continue to place strong emphasis on flame retardancy, electrical performance, manufacturing and processing, and environmental protection—particularly in sectors such as electric vehicles.
Applications in Plastic Components in Chongqing
At present, fiber materials are frequently used in Chongqing’s plastic automotive components, such as load-bearing parts and battery packs for new-energy vehicles. The application of fiber materials in automotive components, coupled with the growing demand for enhanced vehicle safety, has driven the rapid development of flame-retardant fiber materials.
Currently, the flame-retardant fiber materials predominantly used are polypropylene (PP), polyurethane (PU), acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS), and polycarbonate (PC). In addition, composite materials—such as fine-grained reinforced composites—as well as polyamide (PA), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) are also employed to meet the specific requirements of plastic components in Chongqing.
PP is a widely used fibrous material in automotive plastics, offering excellent resistance to solvent erosion and benefiting from a simple, low-cost manufacturing process. Currently, it is extensively employed in applications such as vehicle interior instrument panels, battery-pack housings, door weatherstrips, roof pillars, seat weatherstrips, and bumpers.
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